How is dilated cardiomyopathy primarily managed in children?

Dilated cardiomyopathy in children is primarily managed through medical therapy focused on heart failure management. This approach is essential because dilated cardiomyopathy leads to a weakened heart muscle, resulting in impaired function and reduced efficiency in pumping blood. Medical management typically includes medications such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, and sometimes digoxin. These medications help improve heart function, reduce symptoms of heart failure, and prevent complications.

Heart failure management is vital in supporting the child's quality of life and may involve monitoring for arrhythmias and ensuring appropriate fluid management. While surgical intervention may be necessary in some cases (for example, if there are structural abnormalities contributing to the cardiomyopathy), it is not the primary approach for most children with this condition. Additionally, anticoagulants are not routinely used unless there are specific indications such as thromboembolic risk due to heart failure. Regular physical therapy may be beneficial as part of a comprehensive care plan, but it is not a primary management strategy for dilated cardiomyopathy itself. Therefore, the focus remains on effective medical therapy to manage the condition and support the child's cardiovascular health.